07 予測に使用の4元1次回帰式
坂本清助
マイクロ・コンピユータが統計分野の計算において広く利用されているが、その例とし
て需要予測、需要分析に応用されている4元1次回帰式について紹介します。
第3表 4元1次回帰式 インプトデータ
地区 砂糖消費Y 人口 X1 所得 X2 パンの消費X3
1 6.269 215.474 7.977 28.976
2 1.479 65.635 4.999 3.315
3 1.007 35.741 4.766 3.399
4 1.427 55.329 3.138 3.561
5 0.187 7.496 0.827 0.349
6 0.085 3.825 0.232 0.057
7 0.056 3.302 0.653 0.084
8 0.462 17.104 4.115 1.394
9 0.303 12.381 1.207 0.091
10 0.169 8.510 1.908 0.466
地域が第3表のように10ブロックあって砂糖の消費量をY,人口をX1、
所得をX2,
パンの消費量をX3とし、4元1次回帰式のプログラムを、マイクロ・コンピユータにい
れて、データを地域1より、6.269,215.474、7.977,28.976とY,X1,X2,X3,X4の順に入れ、
最後にデータ終了を行うと、約20秒で求める方程式Y=a1x1+a2x2+a3x3+b のパラメータ
a1=0.023806, a2=0.007903, a3=0.037646, b=△0.024653 重相関係数 R=0.9999435
がプリントされる。
求める方程式
Y= a1x1 + a2x2 +a3x3+b
a1=0.023806 a2=0.007903 a3=0.037646 b=△0.024653
Y=0.023806x1+0.007903x2+0.037646x3 +△0.024653
地区 砂糖消費Y 理論値
1 6.269 6.259
2 1.479 1.464
3 1.007 0.992
4 1.427 1.451
5 0.187 0.173
6 0.085 0.070
7 0.056 0.062
8 0.462 0.468
9 0.303 0.283
10 0.169 0.211
以上
参考事項 4元1次回帰式の解法(Windows XP – Excel による)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y |
Y:*Y |
X1 |
X1*X1 |
X2 |
X2*X2 |
X3 |
X3*X3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
6.259 |
39.175081 |
215.474 |
46429.04468 |
7.977 |
63.632529 |
28.976 |
839.608576 |
|
|
2 |
1.479 |
2.187441 |
55.635 |
3095.253225 |
4.999 |
24.990001 |
3.315 |
10.989225 |
|
|
3 |
1.007 |
1.014049 |
35.741 |
1277.419081 |
4.766 |
22.714756 |
3.399 |
11.553201 |
|
|
4 |
1.427 |
2.036329 |
55.329 |
3061.298241 |
3.138 |
9.847044 |
3.561 |
12.680721 |
|
|
5 |
0.187 |
0.034969 |
7.496 |
56.190016 |
0.827 |
0.683929 |
0.349 |
0.121801 |
|
|
6 |
0.085 |
0.007225 |
3.825 |
14.630625 |
0.232 |
0.053824 |
0.057 |
0.003249 |
|
|
7 |
0.056 |
0.003136 |
3.302 |
10.903204 |
0.653 |
0.426409 |
0.084 |
0.007056 |
|
|
8 |
0.462 |
0.213444 |
17.104 |
292.546816 |
4.115 |
16.933225 |
1.394 |
1.943236 |
|
|
9 |
0.303 |
0.091809 |
12.381 |
153.289161 |
1.207 |
1.456849 |
0.091 |
0.008281 |
|
|
10 |
0.169 |
0.028561 |
8.51 |
72.4201 |
1.988 |
3.952144 |
0.466 |
0.217156 |
|
|
10 |
11.434 |
44.792044 |
414.797 |
54462.99515 |
29.902 |
144.69071 |
41.692 |
877.132502 |
|
|
@’ |
A’ |
B’ |
C’ |
D’ |
E’ |
F’ |
G’ |
H’ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Y*X1 |
Y*X2 |
Y*X3 |
X1*X2 |
X1*X3 |
X2*X3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
1348.65177 |
49.928043 |
181.360784 |
1718.836098 |
6243.574624 |
231.141552 |
|
|
|
|
2 |
82.284165 |
7.393521 |
4.902885 |
278.119365 |
184.430025 |
16.571685 |
|
|
|
|
3 |
35.991187 |
4.799362 |
3.422793 |
170.341606 |
121.483659 |
16.199634 |
|
|
|
|
4 |
78.954483 |
4.477926 |
5.081547 |
173.622402 |
197.026569 |
11.174418 |
|
|
|
|
5 |
1.401752 |
0.154649 |
0.065263 |
6.199192 |
2.616104 |
0.288623 |
|
|
|
|
6 |
0.325125 |
0.01972 |
0.004845 |
0.8874 |
0.218025 |
0.013224 |
|
|
|
|
7 |
0.184912 |
0.036568 |
0.004704 |
2.156206 |
0.277368 |
0.054852 |
|
|
|
|
8 |
7.902048 |
1.90113 |
0.644028 |
70.38296 |
23.842976 |
5.73631 |
|
|
|
|
9 |
3.751443 |
0.365721 |
0.027573 |
14.943867 |
1.126671 |
0.109837 |
|
|
|
|
10 |
1.43819 |
0.335972 |
0.078754 |
16.91788 |
3.96566 |
0.926408 |
|
|
|
|
10 |
1560.88507 |
69.412612 |
195.593176 |
2452.406976 |
6778.561681 |
282.216543 |
|
|
|
|
|
I’ |
J’ |
K’ |
L’ |
M’ |
N’ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
O |
P |
Q |
R |
S |
|
|
|
|
|
|
A’/@’ |
C’/@’ |
E’/@’ |
G’/@’ |
B’-A’*A’/@’ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.1434 |
41.4797 |
2.9902 |
4.1692 |
31.718408 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@ |
|
A |
|
B |
|
|
|
|
|
|
D’-C’*C’/@’ |
L’-C'*E’/@’ |
M'-C'*G'/@’ |
|
|
|||
|
|
|
37257.34 |
|
1212.081 |
|
5049.190029 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C |
|
D |
|
E |
|
|
|
|
|
|
I’-C’*A’/@’ |
F’-E’*E’/@’ |
N’-E’*G’/@’ |
|
|
|||
|
|
|
1086.606 |
|
55.27775 |
|
157.549125 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
F |
|
G |
|
H |
|
|
|
|
|
|
J’-E’*A’/@’ |
H’-G’*G’/@’ |
K’-G’*A’/@’ |
|
|
|||
|
|
|
35.22267 |
|
703.31022 |
|
147.922543 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
連立方程式 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
@ a1+ |
A a2+ |
B a3 |
二 |
C |
|
|
|
|
|
|
A a1+ |
D a2+ |
E a3 |
二 |
F |
|
|
|
|
|
|
B a1+ |
E a2+ |
G a3 |
二 |
H |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
b0= |
E − Fa1 -Ga2 - |
Ha3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
37257.34 |
a1+ |
1212.081 |
a2+ |
5049.190029 |
a3= |
1086.60618 |
|
|
|
2 |
1212.081 |
a1+ |
55.27775 |
a2+ |
157.549125 |
a3= |
35.2226652 |
|
|
|
3 |
5049.19 |
a1+ |
157.54913 |
a2+ |
703.3102156 |
a3= |
147.922543 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
30.73833 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
37257.34 |
a1+ |
1212.081 |
a2+ |
5049.190029 |
a3= |
1086.60618 |
|
|
|
2 |
37257.34 |
|
1699.1455 |
|
4842.796303 |
|
1082.68575 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
-487.0645 |
|
206.3937258 |
|
3.92042966 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7.378875 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
37257.34 |
a1+ |
1212.081 |
a2+ |
5049.190029 |
a3= |
1086.60618 |
|
|
|
3 |
37257.34 |
|
1162.5352 |
|
5189.637882 |
|
1091.50189 |
|
|
|
|
0 |
|
49.545751 |
|
-140.447853 |
|
-4.8957133 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
49.545751 |
a2+ |
-140.447853 |
a3= |
-4.8957133 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
-487.0645 |
|
206.3937258 |
|
3.92042966 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
-0.68048509 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
49.545751 |
|
-140.447853 |
|
-4.8957133 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
331.44012 |
|
-140.447853 |
|
-2.6677939 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
-281.8944 |
|
0 |
|
-2.2279193 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
a2= |
|
|
0.00790338 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
49.545751 |
a2+ |
-140.447853 |
a3= |
-4.8957133 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.391579 |
|
-140.447853 |
a3= |
-5.2872923 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
a3= |
0.037646 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
37257.34 |
a1+ |
1212.081 |
a2+ |
5049.190029 |
a3= |
1086.60618 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.007903384 |
|
0.037646 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9.579541 |
|
|
190.08181 |
1086.60618 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
37257.34 |
a1+ |
|
|
|
|
886.944832 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
a1= |
|
|
0.023806 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
B0= |
O − |
Pa1 |
Qa2 |
Ra3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1.1434 |
41.4797 |
2.9902 |
4.1692 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.023806 |
0.007903384 |
0.037646 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.987466 |
0.023633 |
0.156954 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
B0= |
|
|
|
|
|
-0.024653 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S= |
Ca1 |
Fa2 |
Ha3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
25.86775 |
0.278378 |
5.568692 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
S= |
31.71482 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
X=S/S |
0.999887 |
|
|
|
重相関係数ー |
0.9999435 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|